Peroduo

Indications

Peroduo is indicated for the treatment of Acne

Adverse Effects

Adapalene Commonly reported side effects of adapalene/benzoyl peroxide topical include: burning sensation of skin, desquamation, stinging of the skin, erythema of skin, and xeroderma Benzoyl Peroxide Common advese effects of Benzoyl peroxide include Dry skin, Erythema Skin exfoliation (peeling), Skin burning sensation. Less common side effects are Pruritus, Pain of skin (pain, stinging), Skin irritation (irritant contact dermatitis)

Drug Interactions

Exercise caution in using preparations containing sulfur,resorcinol, or salicylic acid in combination with this product

Mechanism of Action

Adapalene: Adapalene is a chemically stable, naphthoic acid derivative with retinoid-like activity Biochemical and pharmacological profile studies have demonstrated that adapalene acts in the pathology of Acne vulgaris: it is a potent modulator of cellular differentiation and keratinisation and it has anti-inflammatory properties Mechanistically, adapalene binds to specific retinoic acid nuclear receptors Current evidence suggests that topical adapalene normalizes the differentiation of follicular epithelial cells resulting in decreased microcomedone formation Adapalene inhibits the chemotactic (directional) and chemokinetic (random) responses of human polymorphonuclear leucocytes in in vitro assay models; it also inhibits the metabolism of arachidonic acid to inflammatory mediators In vitro studies have shown inhibition of the AP-1 factors and the inhibition of the expression of toll like receptors 2 This profile suggests that the cell mediated inflammatory component of acne is reduced by adapalene Benzoyl peroxide: Benzoyl peroxide has been shown to have antimicrobial activity; particularly against P. acnes, which is abnormally present in the acne-affected pilosebaceous unit Additionally benzoyl peroxide has demonstrated exfoliative and keratolytic activities Benzoyl peroxide is also sebostatic, counteracting the excessive sebum production associated with acne

Pharmacokinetics

The highest adapalene AUC 0-24h determined in the fixed-combination group was 1.99 ng.h/ml The percutaneous penetration of benzoyl peroxide is low; when applied on the skin, it is completely converted into benzoic acid which is rapidly eliminated

Drug Use in Pregnancy

Pregnancy: Animal studies by the oral route have shown reproductive toxicity at high systemic exposure Clinical experience with locally applied adapalene and benzoyl peroxide in pregnancy is limited but the few available data do not indicate harmful effects in patients exposed in early pregnancy Due to the limited available data and because a very weak cutaneous passage of adapalene is possible, The gel should not be used during pregnancy In case of unexpected pregnancy, treatment should be discontinued Breastfeeding: No study on animal or human milk transfer was conducted after cutaneous application of the gel (adapalene / benzoyl peroxide) No effects on the suckling child are anticipated since the systemic exposure of the breast-feeding woman to the gel is negligible The gel can be used during breast-feeding To avoid contact exposure of the infant, application of the gel to the chest should be avoided when used during breast-feeding The safety and effectiveness of the gel have not been studied in children below 9 years of age